![]() ![]() The years, reliable methods were developed for treatment Often could be controlled better than X rays. Usually are even more penetrating, and their application TheseĮlements emitted gamma rays, which are like X rays but Radium-were also useful in cancer therapy. Learned that naturally radioactive elements-like The work of the Curies in turn stimulated many studies Tissues more rapidly than they affected healthy organs, soĪ basis was established quite soon for one of Medicine’sįew methods of curing or at least restraining cancer. In spite of the hazards involved, early experimentersĭetermined that X rays could destroy cancer Soon after exposure, it was evident that X raysĬould cause redness of the skin, blistering, and even ulceration,Įither in single doses or in repeated smallerĭoses. Sensation, they definitely affected the skin and underlyingĬells. Passed through human tissue without causing any immediate Normal state gave off X rays or something similar.Īt the outset, Roentgen had noticed that although X rays The position of the mineral nevertheless appeared on theĭeveloped plate! His conclusion was that uranium in its With uranium material in a dark drawer, even though there To do) Becquerel developed a plate that had been in contact Particular reason (other than that there was nothing else Then he made a confusing discovery.įor several days there was no sunshine, so heĬould not expose the phosphorescent material. Just this effect when he used a phosphorescent material, Would penetrate the wrapping and create a developable spot If any X rays were thus produced, he reasoned, they Upon exposure to visible light might give offīecquerel experimented with this by exposing variousĬrystals to sunlight and then placing each of them on aīlack paper envelope enclosing an unexposed photographic Several physicists that substances which become phosphorescent Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-62749Ĭhair of physics at the Ecole Polytechnique Phelan CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 History 1 What Is Radiation? 5 What Is Radioactivity? 5 What Are Radioisotopes? 6 How Are Radioisotopes Used? 7 What Do We Mean by Tracer Atoms? 9 DIAGNOSIS 11 Pinpointing Disease 11 Arsenic-74 14 Chromium-51 15 Cobalt-60 16 Iodine-131 18 Iron-59 23 Phosphorus-32 24 Sodium-24 25 Technetium-99 m 26 Thulium-170 and Gamma Radiography 27 Tritium 28 Activation Analysis 30 Summary 30 THERAPY 31 A Successful Case 31 General Principles 32 Iodine-131 and Iodine-132 32 Boron-10 33 Phosphorus-32 35 Gold-198 37 Beads, Needles, and Applicators 38 Teletherapy 41 CONCLUSIONS 43 APPENDIX 44 SUGGESTED REFERENCES 47 Larson Radioisotopes in Medicineīy Earl W. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Dr. Brunenkant, Director Division of Technical Information ![]()
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